I have an idea for a solution that is simple and elegant. Literally open the API. Force MS to release a complete version of the Win32 API for certification by IEEE, ANSI, or some similar standards body. Require that any applications they release function to the published and approved API or that any changes required for the apps to work are published 3 months before the app is released. Allow one such change per year. This would allow motivated individuals and companies to compete on a level playing field, and provide (IMHO) proper redress for the damage done by Microsoft's monopoly. -- Daniel Taylor